Most powerful solar panels 2025
In recent years, solar panel efficiency has remained a key benchmark of technological progress; however, in the utility-scale sector, the spotlight has shifted more toward maximising power output. Since 2020, the race to develop the world’s most powerful solar panel has escalated rapidly, driven by breakthroughs in cell architecture, the transition to larger N-Type cell formats, and multi-busbar and gapless interconnect designs.
What began with Trina Solar’s 600W module debut in 2020 quickly turned into an industry-wide sprint, with leading players like JinkoSolar, JA Solar, and Canadian Solar unveiling next-gen modules in the 600–670W range. By 2023, N-type TOPCon and HJT technologies had taken centre stage, pushing certified outputs past 700W. Today in 2025, we’re seeing commercially available panels reaching close to 750W, and early production modules already exceeding 760W, with several manufacturers targeting 800W+ within the next two years.
A key factor in this leap forward has been the transition to larger wafer formats, such as M10 (182mm) and G12 (210mm), with many companies now adopting G12R (rectangular) and oversized gapless cell layouts to further optimise module efficiency and increase energy density. Combined with emerging back-contact (BC) and zero-busbar (0BB) cell architectures, these innovations reduce the cost of balance-of-system (BoS) components and improve overall energy yield per square meter.
Despite the publicity surrounding the many high-powered panels, the PV cell advancements that enable these higher power ratings are universal. Thanks to these innovations, regular-size commercial and residential solar panels have also seen a significant increase in power, with 440W to 550W panels now standard. The considerable increase in power is primarily due to improvements in efficiency, thanks to numerous innovations that are described later in the article.
Designed for utility-scale systems
The primary driver for developing larger, more powerful solar panels is the desire to decrease the cost of utility-scale solar farms and ultimately lower electricity prices. Since larger panels require an equivalent amount of connections and labour compared to smaller panels, the installation cost per kW is reduced, resulting in a lower overall cost and decreased Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE). As explained below, high-powered panels are far larger than those used on residential rooftops. Those wishing to use ten 700W panels on their home rooftop to get an easy 7kW will be a little disappointed. At this stage, most high-powered panels are only available for commercial and utility-scale systems, plus the extra-large panel sizes are not compatible and are very challenging to handle on most residential rooftops.
Interestingly, premium module manufacturers SunPower (now Maxeon) and REC are not racing to develop larger-format high-power panels for utility-scale applications. Instead, these companies focus on supplying their traditional residential and commercial customer base with compact, high-efficiency panels.
Utility-Scale Solar Panels Continue the Push Beyond 700W
The utility solar industry continues its shift toward larger-format, higher-wattage modules, with the leading edge of solar technology now pushing beyond 750W. While early leaders such as Trina Solar, Jinko Solar, Canadian Solar, Risen Energy, and JA Solar laid the groundwork for high-power panels in the 600–700W range, a new wave of manufacturers is now surpassing those limits. Throughout 2024 and into 2025, companies such as Huasun Solar, TW Solar (Tongwei), and Jolywood have entered the spotlight, announcing panels that exceed 700W, utilising cutting-edge N-type TOPCon and Heterojunction (HJT) technologies.
The competitive race intensified in late 2023, led by Huasun Solar and TW Solar, both showcasing increasingly powerful panels. Huasun took an early lead with the Himalaya G12-132 HJT module, certified by TÜV SÜD in November 2023, which reached 750.54W and an efficiency of 24.16%. This record was soon eclipsed by their 768.9W HJT module, now recognised as one of the most powerful solar panels ever independently tested. However, it will be some time before full-scale production at this level.
TW Solar responded by unveiling the TWMNF-66HD module based on its second-generation TNC 2.0 TOPCon cell structure, achieving a rated output of 765W and 24.6% efficiency. As of early 2025, this panel represents TW Solar’s highest-wattage commercial module, although mass production above 760W is not expected until 2026.
Despite these record-breaking developments, large-scale production of modules rated above 720W is still in early phases. Manufacturers are focused on scaling up production capacity and optimising yields. Most panels in this range have been produced in limited volumes for testing and demonstration. Therefore, in our list of the most powerful solar panels, we focus on models that have been independently certified, regardless of commercial availability.
Most Powerful Solar Panels 2025 - Downloadable chart
Most powerful solar panels list for June 2024 - Refer to Manufacturers datasheets for full details.
Top 10 Most Powerful Solar Panels
Short list of the most powerful solar panels that have been officially announced and independently certified. Not all panels listed are in full production. Maximum panel size of 2.4m high x 1.35m wide. Availability and official release dates may vary for different regions.
| Rank | Manufacturer | Model | Cell Type | Power Output (W) | Efficiency (%) | Certification & Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Huasun | Himalaya G12-132 HJT | HJT Bifacial | 769 | 24.75% | Certified by international authority – Not yet in production |
| 2 | TW Solar | TWMNF-66HD | TOPCon (TNC 2.0) Bifacial | 765 | 24.6% | Pre-production – Independently certified |
| 3 | Trina Solar | Vertex N i-TOPCon Ultra | TOPCon Bifacial | 760 | 24.5% | Certified – Production Q2 2025 |
| 4 | Grand Sunergy | G12 HJT 132 | HJT Bifacial | 745 | 24.0% | Pre-production – Certified performance |
| 5 | Canadian Solar | TOPBiHiKu7 | TOPCon Bifacial | 720 | 23.2% | Pre-production – Certified performance |
| 6 | Jolywood | JW-HD132N | TOPCon Bifacial | 700 | 22.5% | Available – Commercial module |
| 7 | Jinko Solar | Tiger Neo III | TOPCon | 670 | 24.8% | Available – Flagship product |
| 8 | TW Solar | TWMNH-66HD | TOPCon (TNC 2.0) | 670 | 24.8% | Available – Pre-certified |
| 9 | LONGi Solar | Hi-MO 9 HPBC 2.0 | Back Contact | 670 | 24.8% | Certified – Pre-production |
| 10 | Aiko Solar | Steller Series | TOPCon | 660 | 24.4% | Certified – Launched 2025 |
* Official date of announcement or certification. The official production release date is yet to be determined.
Only certified and independently verified modules are included.
Models exceeding 740W are not yet in full-scale production but signal future capabilities.
Power ratings may vary slightly depending on measurement temperature and bifacial gain.
Larger Panel Sizes
In the past, most increases in power came from efficiency gains due to advances in solar PV cell technology. While that is partly a driver behind the massive jump in panel wattage, the main factor is the new larger cell and panel sizes being developed together with a higher number of cells per panel. These new cell formats and configurations mean the panels have become physically larger in size. Generally, these large-format panels are best suited for utility-scale solar farms or large commercial installations.
Traditionally, solar panels were available in two main sizes - the standard format 60 cell panels (roughly 1.65m high x 1m wide) used for residential rooftops, and the larger format 72 cell commercial size panels (roughly 2m high x 1m wide). Then half-cut cell panels emerged in roughly the same size but with double the amount of half-size cells at 120 cells and 144 cells. Besides the standard sizes, a few premium manufacturers, such as SunPower and Panasonic, produce unique 96 and 104-cell panels.
The industry-standard panel size for much of the last decade was built around the 156mm x 156mm or 6-inch square cell format. However, the new panel sizes emerging are up to 2.4m long and 1.3m wide and built around the larger 180 and 210mm wafer cell sizes. This is a size increase of 20% to 30% compared to the traditional 2.0m x 1.0m 72-cell panels, which naturally corresponds to a considerable boost in power.
700W+ PV Open Innovation Ecological Alliance
Trina Solar, in collaboration with Astronergy, Canadian Solar, Risen Energy, TCL Zhonghuan, and Tongwei, has introduced the 700W+ Photovoltaic Open Innovation Ecological Alliance, succeeding the 600W+ version in 2020. The alliance seeks to standardize the design and production of 700W+ solar PV modules, with agreed industry module dimensions of 2384mm x 1303mm (and long-side vertical hole distance of 400mm & 1400mm), aiming to improve supply chain efficiency, increase production, and reduce costs.
The initiative emphasizes adherence to agreed industry dimensions and calls for continuous technological advancements throughout the industry chain. Establishing standards is intended to accelerate the industrialization of 700W+ modules, promoting consistency, lowering the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE), and maximizing the long-term value of solar PV.
Larger Solar Cell Sizes
To decrease manufacturing costs and gain efficiency, most manufacturers moved away from the standard 156mm (6”) square cell wafer size in 2020 in favour of larger wafer sizes. While there are a variety of cell sizes under development, a few sizes have emerged as the new industry standard; these include 166mm, 182mm and 210mm. Many of the leading manufacturers, including Jinko, Longi and Canadian, aligned with the 182mm format. Trina Solar is pushing the larger 210mm wafer size, while Longi, the world’s largest mono silicon wafer manufacturer, uses 166mm and 182mm sizes, depending on the application.
To remain competitive, many smaller volume manufacturers may need to align with one of the new wafer sizes to utilise common wafer and equipment suppliers. For a complete history and insight into wafer and PV cell sizing standards, this detailed article from PV Tech examines the various wafer and ingot sizes, technology changes, and manufacturing trends around current and future PV cells.
Along with the different cell sizes, there is a myriad of new panel configurations built around the many cell combinations. The three most popular which have emerged are 66-cell (half-cut 132), 78-cell (half-cut 156), and 84-cell (half-cut 168) panels. The extra-large 210mm cells are also well suited to unique cell dividing formats such as 1/3 cut cells; where the square wafer is divided into three segments rather than the common half-cut or half-size cell.
High-Efficiency PV Cells – 2025 Advancements
To achieve the extreme power ratings now seen in commercial solar panels, manufacturers have dramatically improved cell and module efficiency using a suite of new technologies. In addition to larger wafer formats (such as 210mm), the industry has embraced high-performance N-type silicon substrates, advanced passivation techniques like TOPCon and HJT, and new cell interconnection methods that reduce resistive losses and increase active surface area.
Key Technologies Driving Panel Efficiency:
N-Type Silicon Substrates – Offer greater tolerance to metal impurities, lower temperature coefficients, and significantly lower rates of LID (light-induced degradation) and LeTID.
TOPCon – Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact: An advanced rear-side passivation method enabling higher open-circuit voltages and lower recombination losses. Widely adopted in modern N-type modules.
HJT (Heterojunction) – Combines crystalline silicon with thin-film layers for superior temperature performance and higher efficiency, especially in bifacial modules.
MBB (Multi-busbar) – Increased number of thin wire busbars (9BB to 18BB or more) improves current collection and reduces resistive losses.
High-Density Interconnection – Eliminates the vertical gap between cells, maximizing active surface area. Techniques such as Trina Solar’s “gapless” tiling and LONGi’s smart soldering reduce spacing down to 0.5mm or less.
Chart of the current and predicted maximum solar panel power from 2021 to 2025 - Image credit Huasun Solar
MBB – Multi-Busbars and Micro-Wire Busbars
One of the most widespread improvements has been the adoption of multi-busbar (MBB) technology. Traditional 5BB and 6BB ribbon designs have largely been replaced by fine wire busbars — typically 9BB, 12BB, or more — which reduce resistive losses and improve current collection across the cell surface. Some manufacturers, such as REC, have implemented up to 16 micro-wire busbars in their Alpha series, while larger cell formats (like 210mm wafers) enable up to 18 or even 21 busbars. These finer wires also cast less shading on the cell surface, further improving energy yield.
Key benefits of MBB:
Lower series resistance
Enhanced current extraction
Reduced cell-to-module (CTM) losses
Improved micro-crack tolerance
Bifacial panels featuring MBB are also growing in popularity due to the increased power output by utilising the rear side of the panel to achieve up to 20% or more power (roughly 80W extra). However, bifacial panels are generally only beneficial over light coloured surfaces such as light sandy or rocky ground used in large MW scale solar farms located in more arid areas.
High-Density Cells – Reducing Inter-Cell Gaps
Manufacturers have introduced techniques to boost panel efficiency further and increase power by reducing the vertical inter-cell gap between cells. Removing the typical 2-3mm vertical gaps and compressing the cells together increases the panel surface area available to absorb sunlight and generate power. The reason for this gap was that the traditional larger ribbon busbars required 2.0 mm or more to bend and interconnect the front and rear of each cell. However, the transition to using much smaller micro-wire busbars reduced the gap significantly.
Techniques used to reduce cell gap:
Cell spacing reduced to 0.5–0.6mm using small wire interconnects
Smart soldering or shingled cell technology to overlap or tightly tile cells
Segmented ribbons, like LONGi's triangular design, which flattens and bends behind the cell to minimise spacing requirements.
TR - Tiling Ribbon technology
Jinko Solar, one of the world’s largest panel manufacturers, developed what the company refers to as Tiling Ribbon or TR cells. Tiling Ribbon cell technology is the elimination of the inter-cell gap by slightly overlapping the cells, creating more cell surface area. This, in turn, boosts panel efficiency and power output. The tiling ribbon technology also dramatically reduces the amount of solder required through using inter-cell compression joining methods rather than soldering. Shingled cell panels, such as those used in the Sunpower Performance series, use a similar technology where overlapping thin cell strips can be configured into larger format high-power panels.
Increasing efficiency using Tiling Ribbon cell technology to remove the inter-cell gap - Image credit Jinko
N-Type TOPCon Cells – The New Mainstream Standard
TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) cells built on an N-type silicon substrate have become the new industry standard for high-performance modules. TOPCon architecture incorporates a thin tunnel oxide layer and a doped polysilicon layer at the rear of the cell, thereby significantly reducing recombination losses and enhancing voltage and current output. In 2025, most leading manufacturers, including Trina, Jinko, JA Solar, and Canadian Solar, will offer N-type TOPCon modules with efficiencies exceeding 24%.
N-type silicon provides a superior platform for efficiency gains due to:
Greater tolerance to impurities
Lower temperature coefficients (better high-temp performance)
Virtually no LID or light-induced degradation
No LeTID (Light and Elevated Temperature Induced Degradation)
N-Type Silicon and the Shift Beyond P-type PERC
The transition from traditional P-type to N-type silicon has become the dominant trend as manufacturers seek greater efficiency, better long-term performance, and reduced degradation. While historically more expensive, the price gap is narrowing as economies of scale increase. N-type wafers are the foundation for both TOPCon and HJT cells.
Back-Contact (BC) Solar Cells – Maximum Efficiency
Back-contact (BC) solar cells are an advanced cell technology where all the electrical contacts are placed on the rear of the cell, eliminating the need for front-side busbars or wiring. This design allows the entire front surface of the cell to absorb sunlight, resulting in higher efficiency.
Key Benefits of Back-Contact Cells:
Unobstructed cell surface: No front-side shading means increased light absorption and improved power output.
Higher efficiency potential: Many BC modules achieve efficiencies above 23%.
Sleek appearance: The uniform black surface with no visible busbars is highly desirable for rooftop aesthetics.
Improved reliability: With fewer solder joints and better thermal performance, BC modules generally have enhanced durability.
While BC cells are more complex and costly to manufacture, ongoing advancements are making them more viable for broader adoption in the premium market segment. As efficiency and production scale improve, back-contact technology is expected to play a larger role in the evolution of next-generation solar modules.
Next-Gen Technology: Tandem and Perovskite Cells
While not yet in mass production, tandem solar cells — combining silicon with perovskite layers — are seen as the future of ultra-high-efficiency PV. Tandem designs stack two absorber layers, each tuned to different parts of the solar spectrum, significantly increasing energy conversion potential. Laboratory results have already exceeded 33% efficiency, and several companies, including LONGi, Oxford PV, and Huasun, are actively developing perovskite-on-silicon tandem cells for commercial release.
Key milestones expected in the next 2–3 years:
Commercial tandem modules rated up to 30% efficiency
Power outputs exceeding 800W for utility-scale modules
Potential for low-cost production once perovskite stability challenges are overcome
